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Harold Hall Australian Expeditions
The Harold Hall Australian Expeditions comprise a series of five main ornithological collecting expeditions carried out in the 1960s and covering much of the Australian continent.
==Organisation==
The expeditions were organised by the Zoology Department of the British Museum of Natural History in London to expand their holdings of Australian bird specimens following the sale of both the Rothschild and Mathews collections to the United States.〔Bright Sparcs.〕 The expeditions were sponsored by Australian-born philanthropist Major Harold Wesley Hall who gave the museum a grant of ₤25,000 to enable the expeditions to take place.〔 The series of expeditions aroused some opposition within Australia on both nationalistic and conservation grounds,〔R.H.L. (1976), p.93.〕 and formed the last systematic collecting effort of Australian birds by an overseas institution.〔Kikkawa (2003).〕 However, the organisers worked closely and well with Australian ornithologists and museums. Mrs Pat Hall (no relation of the sponsor), in the introduction to the main report on the expeditions, says:
”It was estimated that five expeditions could be equipped and mounted from London, each costing ₤5000. Each would consist of about six people travelling in three Land Rovers, some of the members being from the British Museum (Natural History) and some from Australian museums, assisted by amateurs from both countries, and each would last about six months. Routes were planned with three objectives: first to provide the British Museum (Natural History) with a representative collection of Australian birds; second, to explore some areas which were poorly known ornithologically; third, to allow the Head of the Bird Room, Mr J. D. Macdonald to visit on the first Expedition as many State Museums as possible to prepare the way for subsequent expeditions. In addition each expedition had to end up and store vehicles and equipment at some place from which it was practicable to start the next expedition six months later.
”The basic plan was as follows:
* 1st Expedition. Land Perth; cross quickly to Melbourne; collect in Victoria, New South Wales and southern Queensland; finish Brisbane.
* 2nd Expedition. Start Brisbane; move quickly north to collect in northern Queensland; finish Melbourne.
* 3rd Expedition. Start Melbourne; move quickly into South Australia; collect in the desert areas of South Australia and Western Australia; finish Perth.
* 4th Expedition. Start and finish Perth; collect in extreme southwest and in western districts of Western Australia north to the Hamersley Range.
* 5th Expedition. Start and finish Perth; collect in Kimberleys and Arnhem Land.
”This plan was carried out in the six years between November 1962 and 1968, most collecting being done in the Australian winters.”〔Hall (1974), p.1.〕
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